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How does indexing affect query speed?

Indexing can have a significant impact on the speed of queries in a MySQL database. When a table is indexed, MySQL creates a data structure that allows it to quickly locate the rows that match a query. This can greatly reduce the amount of time required to search through a large table and retrieve the desired data.

Here are some ways that indexing can affect query speed:

  1. Faster data retrieval: When a query is executed, MySQL can use the index to locate the rows that match the query criteria, rather than scanning the entire table. This can result in much faster data retrieval times, especially for large tables.

  2. Reduced disk I/O: Because MySQL can use the index to locate the relevant rows, it may not need to read as much data from the disk. This can result in reduced disk I/O, which can improve query performance.

  3. Improved join performance: When joining two or more tables, MySQL can use indexes to join the tables more efficiently. By using indexes, MySQL can reduce the number of rows that need to be examined, which can significantly improve join performance.

  4. Reduced CPU usage: By using indexes, MySQL can perform more efficient queries, which can reduce the amount of CPU time required to execute the query.

Overall, indexing can have a significant impact on query speed in a MySQL database. By properly indexing tables, it is possible to improve query performance and reduce the time required to retrieve data from the database.