MySQL Tutorial
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MySQL provides numerous built-in functions that perform a variety of tasks, making it easier for you to manipulate and transform data. These functions can be categorized into several types, including string functions, numeric functions, date and time functions, control flow functions, aggregate functions, and more. Let's look at a brief overview of these categories:
String Functions: These functions allow you to manipulate and retrieve information about string data. Examples include CONCAT() to concatenate two strings, LENGTH() to get the length of a string, and SUBSTRING() to extract part of a string.
Numeric Functions: These functions let you perform operations on numeric data. Examples include ABS() to get the absolute value of a number, CEIL() or CEILING() to round up a number, and FLOOR() to round down a number.
Date and Time Functions: These functions help you work with date and time data. Examples include NOW() to get the current date and time, DATEDIFF() to find the difference between two dates, and DAYNAME() to get the name of the weekday for a given date.
Control Flow Functions: These functions allow you to implement logic in your SQL queries. Examples include IF() to execute a query based on a condition, CASE to execute a sequence of statements based on conditions, and NULLIF() to return NULL if two expressions are equal.
Aggregate Functions: These functions operate on a set of values but return a single, summarizing value. Examples include COUNT() to count the number of rows, SUM() to sum up all values of a column, and AVG() to get the average value of a column.
Comparison Functions and Operators: These functions allow you to compare values. Examples include COALESCE() to return the first non-null value in a list, GREATEST() to get the greatest value in a list of values, and LEAST() to get the smallest value.
Conversion Functions: These functions are used to convert data from one type to another. Examples include CAST() to convert a value from one data type to another, and CONVERT() which does the same but provides a more SQL-standard syntax.
Information Functions: These functions provide information about the MySQL server and the current user. Examples include CURRENT_USER() to get the current MySQL user, and VERSION() to get the MySQL server version.
Each of these functions has its own specific syntax and use case, so it's important to understand how and when to use each one. The MySQL documentation is a great resource for learning more about these functions and seeing examples of how they're used.