Golang Tutorial

• Introduction to Golang
• Installing Golang on Windows
• Installing Golang on MacOS
• Hello World! in Golang
• Golang vs C++
• Golang vs Java
• Golang vs Python

Fundamentals

• Identifiers in Golang
• Keywords in Golang
• Data Types
• Variables
• Constants
• Rune in Golang
• Operators in Golang
• Scope of Variables
• Type Casting
• var Keyword in Golang
• Short Declaration Operator(:=)
• var keyword vs short declaration operator

Control Statements

• Decision Making Statements
• Loops in Golang
• Loop Control Statements
• Switch Statement in Go
• Deadlock and Default Case in Select Statement

Functions & Methods

• What are the Functions?
• Variadic Function
• Anonymous Function
• main and init function
• Function Arguments
• Function Returning Multiple Values
• Named Return Values
• Blank Identifier
• Defer
• Methods
• Methods With Same Name

Structure

• Structures
• Structure Equality
• Nested Structure
• Anonymous Structure and Fields
• Promoted Fields in Structure
• Promoted Methods in Structure
• Function as a Field in Structure

Arrays & Slices

• Arrays in Golang
• Copying an Array into Another Array in Golang
• Passing an Array to a Function in Golang
• Slices in Golang
• Slice Composite Literal
• Copying one Slice into another Slice
• Passing a Slice to Function
• Comparing two Slices in Golang
• Checking the Equality of Slices in Golang
• Sorting a Slice in Golang
• Trimming a Slice in Golang
• Splitting a Slice in Golang

String

• Strings in Golang
• Different ways to compare Strings
• Different ways to concatenate two strings
• Trimming a String in Golang
• Splitting a String in Golang
• Check if the given characters are present in String
• Repeating a String for Specific Number of Times
• Finding the index value of specified string
• Counting the Number of Repeated Characters in String

Pointers

• Pointers
• Pointer to Pointer (Double Pointer)
• Pointers to a Function
• Returning Pointer from a Function
• Pointer to an Array as Function Argument
• Pointer to Struct
• Comparing Pointers
• Finding the Capacity of the Pointer
• Finding the Length of the Pointer

Interfaces

• Interfaces
• Multiple Interfaces
• Embedding Interfaces
• Polymorphism Using Interfaces

Concurrency

• Goroutines - Concurrency
• Select Statement
• Multiple Goroutines
• Goroutine vs Thread
• Channel in Golang
• Unidirectional Channel in Golang

Golang vs Java

Go (often referred to as Golang) and Java are both popular, high-level, compiled programming languages, but they cater to different philosophies and sometimes different use cases. Let's compare the two based on several aspects:

1. Origin and Design Philosophy:

• Go:

  • Developed at Google, Go was designed to be simple, efficient, and to address some of the perceived shortcomings of languages like Java and C++.
  • Prioritizes simplicity and clarity over feature richness.
  • Built-in support for concurrent programming.

• Java:

  • Developed by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle), Java follows the "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA) principle.
  • Object-oriented, class-based, and designed for portability and cross-platform applications.

2. Performance:

• Go:

  • Compiled to machine code, Go generally offers good performance, though not as fast as languages like C or C++.
  • Static linking is common in Go, resulting in larger binaries but ensuring that all dependencies are included.

• Java:

  • Uses the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) for execution, which can introduce some overhead.
  • Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation can optimize code at runtime.

3. Concurrency:

• Go:

  • Built-in support for concurrent programming with goroutines and channels.
  • Goroutines are lighter than threads, allowing Go programs to handle thousands of concurrent tasks.

• Java:

  • Supports multi-threading via the java.lang.thread package.
  • Introduced the java.util.concurrent package to provide higher-level concurrency utilities.

4. Memory Management:

• Go: Uses garbage collection but does not offer a built-in option for manual memory management.
• Java: Also uses garbage collection and does not allow for manual memory management.

5. Syntax:

• Go:

  • Strives for simplicity; fewer features lead to a smaller language spec.
  • Does not support classes and inheritance in the traditional OOP sense.

• Java:

  • Object-oriented with support for classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and more.
  • Verbose compared to Go.

6. Ecosystem and Libraries:

• Go:

  • Growing ecosystem, especially for web backends, microservices, and DevOps tools.
  • Integrated tools like gofmt for code formatting.

• Java:

  • Mature and extensive ecosystem, especially for enterprise applications, web services, and Android app development.
  • Abundance of frameworks like Spring, Hibernate, etc.

7. Development Speed and Productivity:

• Go: Generally faster to write due to its simplicity. The language is less feature-rich, which can be a boon for productivity as there are fewer things to consider.
• Java: More verbose, but with a mature IDE ecosystem, tools, and frameworks that can speed up certain development tasks.

8. Error Handling:

• Go: Uses explicit error handling. Functions that can result in errors typically return an error value that the caller checks.
• Java: Utilizes exceptions for error handling.

9. Popularity:

• Go: Gaining traction, especially in cloud infrastructure, DevOps, and microservices.
• Java: Has been popular for decades, especially in enterprise applications and Android development.

10. Portability:

• Go: Compiles to machine code specific to an operating system/architecture.
• Java: Bytecode runs on the JVM, making it platform-independent.

Conclusion:

Both Go and Java have their strengths. Java is a mature, object-oriented language with a vast ecosystem, especially in the enterprise domain. Go, on the other hand, is a younger language aiming for simplicity and efficiency, with strong built-in support for concurrency.

The choice between Go and Java depends on the project requirements, the problem domain, existing skill sets, and personal or team preferences.