SQL query to find second highest salary?

To find the second highest salary from a table, you can use different methods based on sub-queries, the ORDER BY clause, or even database-specific functions. Here are some of the common methods:

1. Using a Sub-query:

You can retrieve the second highest salary by filtering out the maximum salary and then finding the maximum of what's left.

SELECT MAX(salary) 
FROM employees 
WHERE salary NOT IN (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);

2. Using the `ORDER BY` and `LIMIT`:

If your RDBMS supports LIMIT and OFFSET (like MySQL, PostgreSQL), you can order the salaries in descending order and then skip the highest one.

SELECT salary 
FROM employees 
ORDER BY salary DESC 
LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1;

3. Using the `ORDER BY` with the `ROWNUM` or `ROW_NUMBER()`:

In databases like Oracle, you can use the ROWNUM pseudo-column or the ROW_NUMBER() window function:

Using ROWNUM:

SELECT salary 
FROM (
    SELECT salary, ROWNUM as rank 
    FROM (
        SELECT DISTINCT salary 
        FROM employees 
        ORDER BY salary DESC
    )
    WHERE ROWNUM <= 2
)
WHERE rank = 2;

Using ROW_NUMBER():

SELECT salary 
FROM (
    SELECT salary, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY salary DESC) as rank 
    FROM employees
) 
WHERE rank = 2;

4. Using Database Specific Functions:

Some databases have specific functions or methods to handle such use cases. For instance, in MySQL, you can use the DISTINCT keyword with ORDER BY and LIMIT:

SELECT DISTINCT salary 
FROM employees 
ORDER BY salary DESC 
LIMIT 1, 1;

While all the above methods achieve the same result, the best method can vary depending on the specific database system, the volume of data, indexing, and other factors. When dealing with real-world scenarios, it's essential to consider performance and choose the most efficient method for your specific database setup.

SQL query to find second highest salary in a table:
- Using the ORDER BY clause in descending order and limiting the result set to one row.
```
SELECT MAX(salary) AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary < (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);
```
Finding the second highest salary using SQL:
- Similar to the first example, ordering the salaries in descending order and selecting the second row.
```
SELECT salary AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
ORDER BY salary DESC
OFFSET 1 ROW
FETCH NEXT 1 ROW ONLY;
```
SQL SELECT statement for second highest salary:
- Utilizing the LIMIT clause to restrict the result to the second row after ordering by salary.
```
SELECT salary AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
ORDER BY salary DESC
LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1;
```
How to retrieve the second highest salary in SQL:
- Using a subquery to exclude the highest salary before finding the maximum.
```
SELECT MAX(salary) AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary < (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);
```
Finding the runner-up salary in SQL:
- Similar to the first example, finding the maximum salary excluding the highest one.
```
SELECT MAX(salary) AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary < (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);
```
Query to get the second highest salary in a database:
- Using LIMIT to get the second highest salary after ordering by salary in descending order.
```
SELECT salary AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
ORDER BY salary DESC
LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1;
```
Using ORDER BY and LIMIT for second highest salary in SQL:
- Ordering the salaries in descending order and limiting the result set to the second row.
```
SELECT salary AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
ORDER BY salary DESC
LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1;
```
SQL subquery to find second highest salary:
- Using a subquery to find the maximum salary excluding the highest one.
```
SELECT MAX(salary) AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary < (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);
```

Ranking and partitioning for second highest salary in SQL:

Utilizing the RANK() window function to rank salaries and selecting the second-ranked salary.

SELECT salary AS second_highest_salary
FROM (
   SELECT salary, RANK() OVER (ORDER BY salary DESC) AS salary_rank
   FROM employees
) ranked_salaries
WHERE salary_rank = 2;

SQL query to exclude highest salary and find the second highest:
- Using NOT IN to exclude the highest salary and then finding the maximum.
```
SELECT MAX(salary) AS second_highest_salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary NOT IN (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);
```

SQL query to find second highest salary?

1. Using a Sub-query:

2. Using the ORDER BY and LIMIT:

3. Using the ORDER BY with the ROWNUM or ROW_NUMBER():

4. Using Database Specific Functions:

2. Using the `ORDER BY` and `LIMIT`:

3. Using the `ORDER BY` with the `ROWNUM` or `ROW_NUMBER()`: