Verify User Identity And Permissions In Django Templates

In Django, it's common to verify user identity and permissions in templates to conditionally display content or links. In this tutorial, we'll show you how to verify user identity, check permissions, and use Django's built-in user authentication and authorization features in your templates.

Create views: In your app's views.py file, create two views that render templates. One for authenticated users, and another for users with a specific permission:

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import permission_required

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'home.html')

@permission_required('myapp.view_special_content')
def special_content(request):
    return render(request, 'special_content.html')

Configure URLs: Configure your app's URLs in the urls.py file, mapping the views to URL patterns:

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.home, name='home'),
    path('special_content/', views.special_content, name='special_content'),
]

Create templates: In your app's templates directory, create two HTML files: home.html and special_content.html. In home.html, we'll use template tags to verify user identity and permissions:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Home</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to our website!</h1>

    {% if user.is_authenticated %}
        <p>Hello, {{ user.username }}!</p>
        {% if perms.myapp.view_special_content %}
            <p><a href="{% url 'special_content' %}">View special content</a></p>
        {% else %}
            <p>You do not have permission to view the special content.</p>
        {% endif %}
    {% else %}
        <p>Please <a href="{% url 'login' %}">log in</a> to access the special content.</p>
    {% endif %}
</body>
</html>

In this template, we're using the user and perms template context variables to check the user's identity and permissions:

user.is_authenticated: This attribute checks if the user is logged in.
perms.myapp.view_special_content: This attribute checks if the user has the view_special_content permission in the myapp app.

Based on these checks, we conditionally display different content to the user.

Test the template: Start the Django development server with the python manage.py runserver command. Open a web browser and navigate to the URL corresponding to the home.html template (e.g., http://127.0.0.1:8000/). You should see different content based on whether you are logged in and have the required permission.

In this tutorial, we demonstrated how to verify user identity and permissions in Django templates using the built-in user and perms context variables. By checking user authentication and permissions in your templates, you can conditionally display content and provide a more customized user experience.

How to Check User Identity in Django Templates:
- Description: Check the identity of the current user in Django templates using the user variable.
- Code: Example of checking user identity in a Django template:
```
{% if user.is_authenticated %}
    <p>Welcome, {{ user.username }}!</p>
{% else %}
    <p>Guest User</p>
{% endif %}
```
Django Templates User Permissions Examples:
- Description: Use user.has_perm to check if the current user has specific permissions.
- Code: Example of checking user permissions in a Django template:
```
{% if user.has_perm('app.can_edit') %}
    <button>Edit Content</button>
{% endif %}
```
Conditional Rendering Based on User in Django Templates:
- Description: Conditionally render content based on the user's authentication status.
- Code: Example of conditional rendering in a Django template:
```
{% if user.is_authenticated %}
    <p>Welcome, {{ user.username }}!</p>
{% else %}
    <p>Guest User</p>
{% endif %}
```
Checking User Roles in Django Templates:
- Description: Check if the user belongs to a specific group or has a particular role.
- Code: Example of checking user roles in a Django template:
```
{% if user.groups.filter(name='Admins').exists %}
    <p>You are an admin.</p>
{% endif %}
```
Displaying Content Based on User Roles in Django Templates:
- Description: Display content based on the user's group or role.
- Code: Example of displaying content based on user roles in a Django template:
```
{% if user.groups.filter(name='Admins').exists %}
    <p>You have admin privileges.</p>
{% else %}
    <p>Regular user</p>
{% endif %}
```
User Authentication and Permissions in Django Templates:
- Description: Leverage user.is_authenticated to check if the user is logged in and user.has_perm for permission checks.
- Code: Example of user authentication and permissions in a Django template:
```
{% if user.is_authenticated and user.has_perm('app.can_edit') %}
    <button>Edit Content</button>
{% endif %}
```
Django Templates User Context Variables:
- Description: Access user-related information directly from the context.
- Code: Example of accessing user context variables in a Django template:
```
<p>Welcome, {{ request.user.username }}!</p>
```
Conditional Navigation in Django Templates Based on User:
- Description: Conditionally display navigation links based on the user's authentication status.
- Code: Example of conditional navigation in a Django template:
```
{% if user.is_authenticated %}
    <a href="{% url 'logout' %}">Logout</a>
{% else %}
    <a href="{% url 'login' %}">Login</a>
{% endif %}
```
Customizing Templates Based on User Roles in Django:
- Description: Customize the appearance of templates based on the user's roles.
- Code: Example of customizing templates based on user roles in a Django template:
```
<div class="{% if user.groups.filter(name='Admins').exists %}admin-panel{% endif %}">
    
</div>
```
Django Templates User Authentication and Authorization:
- Description: Combine authentication and authorization checks for a comprehensive user check.
- Code: Example of combining user authentication and authorization checks in a Django template:
```
{% if user.is_authenticated and user.has_perm('app.can_edit') %}
    <button>Edit Content</button>
{% endif %}
```
Verifying User Identity in Django Templates:
- Description: Verify the user's identity using various checks in Django templates.
- Code: Example of verifying user identity in a Django template:
```
{% if user.is_authenticated and user.username == 'admin' %}
    <p>Welcome, Admin!</p>
{% endif %}
```

Django Templates User Login Status Checks:

Description: Check if the user is logged in or logged out.

Code: Example of checking user login status in a Django template:

{% if user.is_authenticated %}
    <p>Welcome, {{ user.username }}! <a href="{% url 'logout' %}">Logout</a></p>
{% else %}
    <p><a href="{% url 'login' %}">Login</a></p>
{% endif %}