How to resolve Entity Framework error: provider type "System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices" for the "System.Data.SqlClient" ADO.NET provider could not be loaded

This error occurs when the Entity Framework cannot find the System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices type for the System.Data.SqlClient ADO.NET provider. This can be caused by missing or incorrect references, or by not having the required configuration in your project.

Here are some steps you can take to resolve the error:

  • Ensure that you have the correct Entity Framework NuGet package installed. For Entity Framework 6, you should have the EntityFramework package, and for Entity Framework Core, you should have the Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer package installed.

  • If you're using Entity Framework 6, make sure you have a reference to the EntityFramework.SqlServer.dll assembly in your project. You can do this by right-clicking the "References" folder in your project, selecting "Add Reference...", then browsing to the location of the EntityFramework.SqlServer.dll file and adding it to your project.

  • If you're using Entity Framework 6, ensure that your application's config file (usually App.config or Web.config) contains the following entry inside the <entityFramework> element:

<providers>
  <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
</providers>
  • Sometimes, the Entity Framework provider is not being used during runtime due to code optimization. To work around this issue, you can create an instance of the SqlProviderServices class in your application's entry point or in the constructor of your DbContext class. This will force the required assembly to be loaded:
using System.Data.Entity.SqlServer;

// ...

public class YourDbContext : DbContext
{
    // Add this static field to force the assembly to be loaded
    private static SqlProviderServices _ = SqlProviderServices.Instance;

    // ...
}

After making these changes, try rebuilding your project and running it again. The error should be resolved. If the issue persists, double-check your references, NuGet packages, and configuration settings to make sure they are correct.

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